SQL Various Syntax:

SQL Definition:

SQL is referred as Structured Query Language, a standard query language certified by ANSI and ISO. SQL is used to access different databases like SQL Server, MySQL, MS Access, Sybase, Oracle, DB2, Informix and Teradata etc.

SQL is a database computer language designed for the retrieval and management of data in a relational database. This tutorial will give you a quick push towards SQL database. It covers most of the topics required for a basic understanding of SQL and to get a feel of how it works.

Syntax:

SQL SELECT Statement


SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name;

SQL DISTINCT Clause


SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name;

SQL WHERE Clause

SELECT column1, column2.
...columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION;

SQL AND/OR Clause


SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;

SQL IN Clause


SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQL BETWEEN Clause


SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;

SQL LIKE Clause


SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name LIKE { PATTERN };

SQL ORDER BY Clause


SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};

SQL GROUP BY Clause


SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name;

SQL COUNT Clause


SELECT COUNT(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION;

SQL HAVING Clause


SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING (arithematic function condition);

SQL CREATE TABLE Statement


CREATE TABLE table_name(
column1 datatype,
column2 datatype,
column3 datatype,
.....
columnN datatype,
PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns )
);

SQL DROP TABLE Statement


DROP TABLE table_name;

SQL CREATE INDEX Statement


CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

SQL DROP INDEX Statement


ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP INDEX index_name;

SQL DESC Statement


DESC table_name;

SQL TRUNCATE TABLE Statement


TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;

SQL ALTER TABLE Statement


ALTER TABLE table_name {ADD|DROP|MODIFY} column_name {data_ype};

SQL ALTER TABLE Statement (Rename)


ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

SQL INSERT INTO Statement


INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)
VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

SQL UPDATE Statement


UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN
[ WHERE  CONDITION ];

SQL DELETE Statement

DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE  {CONDITION};

SQL CREATE DATABASE Statement


CREATE DATABASE database_name;

SQL DROP DATABASE Statement


DROP DATABASE database_name;

SQL USE Statement


USE database_name;

SQL COMMIT Statement


COMMIT;

SQL ROLLBACK Statement


ROLLBACK;